Computed Tomography

Computed tomography (CT) is a fast and accurate imaging modality often used in emergency settings and trauma imaging. CT scans, with or without (or both) iodinated contrast are frequently used to image the brain, chest, abdomen and pelvis, but also have post-imaging reconstructive capabilities for detailed orthopedic imaging. It is now a standard imaging modality in emergency rooms to quickly assess patients. CT uses a series of X-ray images shot as the gantry rotates around the patient. Computer technology assembles these into into a dataset volume than can be slices on any access, or advanced visualization software can extract specific parts of the anatomy for study. Find more content specific to cardiac CT.

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Including radiologists in radiotherapy prep bolsters quality of care

Many radiation oncologists are not formerly trained in imaging interpretation, and radiologists’ collaborative participation in care planning can help to catch errors, experts wrote recently.

CT of coronavirus pneumonia, a solitary rounded ground-glass opacity (GGO) pattern. A 51-year-old woman in China presented in January 2020 without fever, but had close contact with positive patients. Top, baseline axial unenhanced chest CT obtained 6 days before the first positive PCR test. Bottom, chest CT scan 4 days later shows the size increase of the lesion (arrow). Image courtesy of RSNA. #COVID #SARSCoV2

How effective are chest CT severity scores in managing COVID?

While the studies on these systems have proven them to be effective in diagnosing and treating COVID in specific cohorts, the varying settings in which they were used can make it difficult to derive definitive conclusions on their efficacy.

Ed Nicol, MD, consultant cardiologist and honorary senior clinical lecturer with Kings College London and president-elect of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT), explained artificial intelligence (AI) in cardiac CT is here to stay and its use is expanding. He noted that one AI-based algorithm is already included in recent cardiology guidelines and more will likely follow. #SCCT

Cardiac imagers need to understand AI as it enters clinical use and ACC guidelines

Most FDA-cleared AI algorithms are related to radiology and cardiology, meaning radiologists and cardiologists need to make an effort to learn how these technologies work.

Serial transverse CT scans in a 65-year-old man with severe COVID-19. Image courtesy of Radiology. #longcovid #covidlonghauler #lungdamagecovid

Severe COVID patients continue to evidence lung abnormalities 2 years after initial infection

Scans on these patients show a combination of fibrosis, thickening, honeycombing, cystic changes and dilation of the bronchi, among other imaging features.

Internal surgery patients with infectious complications shown not to benefit by extra CT

Thoracic CT is safely and wisely omitted from diagnostic protocols for ICU patients who have signs of infection after abdominopelvic surgery but were already imaged with abdominal CT.

Homegrown tracking boosts follow-up imaging for incidental findings of uncertain gravity

A structured program to track incidental findings on body CT has significantly boosted rates of clinician follow-up as well as timely patient adherence to radiologist recommendations for next exams.

Appearances can be deceiving on chest CT performed for COVID in cancer patients

In a study of more than 250 COVID-positive patients with a history of any cancer, fewer than half the cohort had chest CT findings deemed typical for COVID-related pneumonia based on an RSNA classification guide. 

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Risk model-based lung cancer screening more cost-effective than USPSTF guidelines

Using risk model-based strategies to determine who should undergo low-dose CT lung cancer screening is more cost effective than current U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines.