Heart Failure

Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump as much blood as the body requires. This ineffective pumping can lead to enlargement of the heart as the myocardium works harder pump the same amount of blood. Heart failure may be caused by defects in the myocardium, such as an a heart attack infarct, or due to structural issues such as severe heart valve regurgitation. Heart failure can be divided into HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The disease is further divided into four New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes. Stage IV heart failure is when the heart is completely failing and requires a heart transplant or hemodynamic support from a left ventricular assist device (LVAD).

AHA.18: TRED-HF exposes danger of stopping drug treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy

Among patients with restored ventricular function who were taken off their heart failure medications, 44 percent relapsed within eight weeks. Researchers said the trial indicates most of these patients should remain on their treatments indefinitely.

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AHA.18: Sacubitril-valsartan combo shows promise for acute decompensated HF

Sacubitril-valsartan therapy was associated with greater reductions in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) than enalapril among patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure, according to research presented Nov. 11 at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions and published online simultaneously in the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Lower health literacy linked to higher mortality in acute decompensated HF

Poor health literacy could mean an increased risk of death for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), according to a study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings Nov. 7.

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CDK2 inhibitors protect cancer patients from anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity

Inhibiting a certain class of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) proteins could protect cancer patients from chemotherapy-induced heart failure—the second leading cause of death in the demographic after cancer recurrence—according to research published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry.

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Researchers ID blood biomarker for stable HFpEF

Researchers have discovered a novel biomarker in stable, ambulatory patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a finding which may lead to earlier diagnoses of HFpEF.

Beta-blockers, RASBs reduce mortality in HF patients with midrange EF

Guideline-directed medical therapies like beta-blockers and renin-angiotensin system blockers (RASBs)—but not aldosterone antagonists—are associated with improved outcomes in heart failure patients hospitalized with a midrange ejection fraction, researchers reported in the current edition of the Journal of the American Heart Association.

NIH pauses $63M stem cell trial for heart failure amid controversy

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is pausing a taxpayer-funded, $63 million trial of cardiac stems cells over questions about the basis for the research.

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Taking donor heart at increased disease risk is better than waiting

Cardiac transplant candidates are better off accepting an organ with a higher risk of transmitting diseases than waiting for another heart, suggests a study published Oct. 29 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.